Clindamycin skin rash free#
The resulting oxidative stress due to the formation of ROS, and direct cellular damage caused by the free radicals, manifests as an exaggerated sunburn-like reaction. An excited state drug molecule removes electrons from surrounding molecules, leading to a chain reaction of ongoing free radical formation.Subsequently, an excited triplet cascade results in a direct energy transfer to oxygen creating a singlet oxygen - ie, a reactive oxygen species (ROS). The formation of an excited triplet state where UVR causes the drug molecule to transition to a more excited and chemically unstable state by the promotion of its electrons.Then, photochemical pathways may involve: Phototoxic skin damage begins when the drug or its metabolite within the skin absorbs ultraviolet radiation ( UVR) or visible light. However, there is a dose- dependent relationship where it frequently requires a high dose of medication or light exposure that exceeds a critical threshold. Phototoxicity could theoretically occur in any patient taking photosensitising medication. Wound cleansers (eg, chlorhexidine, hexachlorophene)Ī phototoxic reaction is a non-immunologic cutaneous reaction that appears acutely within minutes to hours on sun- exposed skin after taking photosensitising medications. Topical sunscreen agents (eg, benzophones) Phenothiazines (eg, promethazine, chlorpromazine) Photodynamic therapy agents (eg, methyl aminolevulinate)įragrances (eg, musk ambrette, 6-methylcoumarin) Oral retinoids (eg, acitretin, isotretinoin) Non-steroidal anti- inflammatory drugs ( NSAIDs) Common photosensitising agentsįurocoumarins / psoralens eg, for PUVA (photochemotherapy) What causes drug-induced photosensitivity? Table 1. Phototoxic reactions are more common than photoallergic reactions. Speak with your doctor or pharmacist before starting or stopping any medicine.Click here for more images of drug-induced photosensitivity Who gets drug-induced photosensitivity?ĭrug-induced photosensitivity (DIP) is not genetically inherited, and there is no known age, gender, or racial predilection to developing a photosensitising cutaneous eruption.ĭIP is generally considered to account for up to 8% of reported adverse cutaneous reactions to drugs, although it is likely underdiagnosed and underreported. Include prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal medicines. Tell your health care providers about all medicines taken. If medicine gets in your eyes, rinse well with cool water.ĭrug interactions can change how medicines work or increase risk for side effects. Wash your hands before and after handling this medicine.ĭo not touch your eyes, nose or mouth after handling the medicine.
Gently rub the medicine into area until evenly spread. Wash the medicine off your fingers after applying it. This medicine should only be used on the skin.ĭo not use any other acne medicines on your skin while using this medicine unless instructed by your doctor.Īvoid getting the medicine in the eyes, nose, or mouth. Apply the medicine to the skin and then allow to dry for a few minutes.ĭo not cover the area after applying the medicine. Wash the area first before applying medicine.
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